Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect tense is utilized to demonstrate a connection between the present and the past. The season of the activity is before now however not indicated, and we are frequently more inspired by the outcome than in the activity itself.
BE CAREFUL! There might be a verb tense in your dialect with a comparative frame, however the significance is likely NOT the same.
THE PRESENT PERFECT IS USED TO DESCRIBE
- An activity or circumstance that began before and proceeds in the present. I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= despite everything I do.)
- An activity performed amid a period that has not yet wrapped up. She has been to the silver screen twice this week (= and the week isn’t finished yet.)
- A rehashed activity in an unspecified period between the past and now. We have gone by Portugal a few times.
- An activity that was finished in the extremely later past, communicated by ‘just’. I have quite recently completed my work.
- An activity when the time isn’t vital. He has perused ‘War and Peace’. (= the consequence of his perusing is essential)
Note: When we need to give or get some information about when, where, who, we utilize the basic past. Read more about picking between the present immaculate and the straightforward past tenses.
Activities STARTED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUING IN THE PRESENT
- They haven’t lived here for a considerable length of time.
- She has worked in the bank for a long time.
- We have had a similar auto for a long time.
- Have you played the piano since you were a tyke?
At the point when THE TIME PERIOD REFERRED TO HAS NOT FINISHED
- I have buckled down this week.
- It has rained a considerable measure this year.
- We haven’t seen her today.
Activities REPEATED IN An UNSPECIFIED PERIOD BETWEEN THE PAST AND NOW.
- They have seen that film six times
- It has happened a few times as of now.
- She has gone to them every now and again.
- We have eaten at that eatery commonly.
Activities COMPLETED IN THE VERY RECENT PAST (+JUST)
- Have you quite recently completed work?
- I have quite recently eaten.
- We have quite recently observed her.
- Has he recently cleared out?
At the point when THE PRECISE TIME OF THE ACTION IS NOT IMPORTANT OR NOT KNOWN
- Somebody has eaten my soup!
- Have you seen ‘Run with the Wind’?
- She’s concentrated Japanese, Russian, and English.
Read more about utilizing the present flawless with the words “ever”, “never”, “as of now”, and “yet”, and about utilizing the present impeccable with the words “for” and “since”.
Shaping THE PRESENT PERFECT
The present impeccable of any verb is made out of two components : the suitable type of the helper verb to have (current state), in addition to the past participle of the primary verb. The past participle of a general verb is base+ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. For sporadic verbs, see the Table of unpredictable verbs in the area called ‘Verbs’.
Positive
Subject object past participle
She has visited.
Negative
Subject object + not past participle
She has not (hasn’t) visited.
Interrogative
Object subject past participle
Has she visited?
Negative interrogative
object + not subject past participle
Hasn’t she visited?
TO WALK, PRESENT PERFECT
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I have walked I haven’t walked Have I walked?
You have walked you haven’t walked. Have you walked?
He, she, it has walked He, she, hasn’t walked Has he, she, it walked?
We have walked We haven’t walked Have we walked?
You have walked You haven’t walked Have you walked?
They have walked They haven’t walked Have they walked?
